Logistical Outsourcing Of SME's

Structure Of The Research

In order to ensure that dissertation has been clearly presented to the readers it is important to clear about structure of dissertation done on part of the researcher. For this, it is important to follow an ordered pattern so that research can flow in the correct manner.

Focus And Purpose

The main aim of the research is to determine, and recommend a solution that will enable the companies in Papua New Guinea to lessen the bottlenecks and cut cost in their current logistics operation.

In order to reach at the final aim, some objectives have been framed as follows –

• To evaluate whether SMEs and other firms in Papua New Guinea should outsource their logistics and overall supply chain.
• To assess the gains and risks logistics outsourcing can bring to the companies of Papua New Guinea.
• To analyze the conditions of business environment that would affect the decision of outsourcing of logistics by the companies in Papua New Guinea.
• To explore on the type of logistics functions that can be outsourced by SMEs in Papua New Guinea.

Research Questions

1. Should SMEs and other firms in Papua New Guinea outsource their logistics and overall supply chain?
2. What will be the gains and risks that logistics outsourcing can bring to the companies of Papua New Guinea?
3. What are the conditions of business environment that would affect the decision of outsourcing of logistics by the companies in Papua New Guinea?
4. What type of logistics functions should be outsourced by SMEs in Papua New Guinea?

Framework And Analysis

Framework and analysis give the precise details regarding the research methodology that will be adapted while conducting the research. This is as follows-

• Research Approach – An epistemological approach will be adopted by the researcher so as to produce a subjective and objective framework in order to find the answer the research questions and the topic of study can be presented in the correct manner.
• Research Type – The types of research is both qualitative and quantitative so as to have an in depth understanding of the dissertation.
• Research Design – Research design chosen for the study is exploratory so that the subject matter of dissertation can be examined accurately.
• Research philosophy – Research philosophy is that of constructionism by use of which more and more knowledge can be appraised with help of more and more of interaction and use of social sciences (Constructionism, social, 2013).
• Data collection – Data has been collected by use of both primary and secondary methods. In primary method, data is gathered by conducting interviews with various companies of Papua New Guinea. For secondary information, information is collected from various scholar articles in published journals and books and online articles and websites.
• Data Analysis – Data will be gathered with help of both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data will be translated into a qualitative form and statistics of the company reports will be quantified and the final result will be represented in the qualitative form.
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Potential Significance Of Research

The current dissertation holds significance both in practical and academic aspect. The existing theories and practices that exist in the business environment and the logistics operations of Papua New Guinea that will be known through the study will be a help to the industries. This is so as the study will help them to know the factors that could lead to the decision of outsourcing in logistics and how the companies can take the benefit of the decision.

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Chapter-2

Literature Review

The chapter following the introduction is that of literature review. The chapter consists of theoretical background related to the logistics and its outsourcing decisions and activities. Various studies and studies done in the related field of logistics outsourcing of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Papua New Guinea will be reviewed and views of researchers will be given and interpreted.

Logistics and Logistics Outsourcing

Aron, Clemons and Reddi, 2005 has defined logistics “as the process of planning, implementing as well as controlling the effective storage and flow of goods and services form their point of origin to the point where they are consumed.” The purpose is to conform to the requirements of the customers and this includes inbound and outbound movement of raw materials and transfer of finished products to the consumers (Aron, Clemons and Reddi, 2005).

Logistics market in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a country that is situated in Oceania and can said to be a rising economy as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth of the country has been showing an increase in the nation. PNG is said to be a developing economy which has now been able to improve its infrastructure and economy to a good extent.

Need of logistics outsourcing in Papua New Guinea

The economy of Papua New Guinea is mainly characterized by large portion of SMEs functioning in the economy. It is also a fact that these enterprises contribute to the economic development in terms of output and employment of the nation to a significant extent. In spite of this fact, SMEs in PNG have the drawbacks of small size, underdeveloped capital markets and lack of finance and credit ratings (Leavy, 2004).

Business environment factors affecting logistics outsourcing decisions in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea has been a growing economy but still it is facing the lack of infrastructure and proper road networks. Most of the manufacturers are facing the problem of high costs in their operations as they do not have the appropriate reach to the raw materials and also to the target market.

Gains of outsourcing logistics for companies in Papua New Guinea

If the companies in Papua New Guinea go for the decision of outsource logistics then they will gain a lot from this decision. The gains that the enterprises can have by acting on this function of management are as follows-

• Savings – The process of outsource logistics can bring a reduction in the overall costs of distribution for the enterprises.
• Higher control of business – With outsourcing of logistics, products of the companies can remain accessible throughout all the stages of distribution and thus, it becomes easier for the enterprises to respond to the new opportunities or issues quickly.
• Financial leverage – By adopting the outsourcing in logistics, enterprises are free from the warehousing and transportation function which reduces the equipments, personnel and facilities requirement which frees their cash.
• Free up management – If companies in PNG take the decision of outsource logistics then their management is free to focus on other important businesses like manufacturing and marketing.

Conclusion

From the literature review it can be concluded that logistics is an important function of management within an organization and with time outsource logistics is gaining significance. Companies now prefer to outsource this function and transfer logistics to a third party logistics or service provider as various it is possible that production and consumption point for companies are diversified geographically (Rushton and Walker, 2007).

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Chapter 3

Research Methodology

The following chapter to literature review is that of research methodology. This is the most important part of a research as this lays down the framework for methods that are going to be adopted in conducting the study (Ireland, Webb and Coombs, 2005). In the present research study, data has been collected and analyzed by keeping focus on scope of logistical outsourcing for small medium enterprises in Papua New Guinea (PNG).

Aims and objectives

Aim – The main aim of present research is determine and recommend a solution that will enable the companies in Papua New Guinea to lessen the bottlenecks and cut cost in their current logistics operation.

Objectives

• To assess the gains and risks logistics outsourcing can bring to the companies of Papua New Guinea
• To analyze the conditions of business environment that would affect the decision of outsourcing of logistics by the companies in Papua New Guinea
• To evaluate whether SMEs and other firms in Papua New Guinea should outsource their logistics and overall supply chain.
• To explore on the type of logistics functions that can be outsourced by SMEs in Papua New Guinea.

Research philosophy

Research philosophy as a part of research methodology refers to a comprehensive idea that is related with various approaches and methods being adopted by the researcher for conducting an entire process of investigation.

Research Design

A research design is an important part of research which is a framework of the way in which data is collected and analyzed by the researcher. This helps the researcher to determine the various sources of information and data that can be collected by the researcher. There are mainly three types of research designs, namely, exploratory, descriptive and causal designs.

Research Approach

Speaking about research approach, it is a method of producing new knowledge and increasing the understanding related to the topic of study being conducted. It is about complying with the methodology that has been decided by the researcher.

Research Type

The particular study is a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative type of research. The nature is qualitative as it involves collection of data with help of qualitative methods like interview method of manufacturers of Papua New Guinea.

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