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Concept and Philosophies of Organizational Behaviour

University: Lancaster University

  • Unit No: 4
  • Level: Post Graduate/University
  • Pages: 11 / Words 2738
  • Paper Type: Assignment
  • Course Code: BAC205
  • Downloads: 721
Question :

Question-

  1. Organisational culture, politics and power with behaviour.
  2. Evaluate and manage the ways to motivate individuals and their teams to achieve goal.
  3. Demonstrate measures to manage the performance.
  4. Explain concepts and philosophies analysed in companies.
Answer :

INTRODUCTION

Organizational behaviour is based on the conceptual analysis of way an individual communicate among different groups, team. It is helping for identifying the individual performance of staff members which directly impact on the overall business profitable in global marketplace. In another way, organizational behaviour is field that investigate impact individuals, group and structure. The purpose is to applying within organization to improve effectiveness.

The assignment will describe about the culture, power and political that influence on the behaviour as well as performance of team, group. It will describe about the different kind of motivational theories that always helping for achieve the significant goal and objective of organization. Furthermore, it will discuss about an effective team which always opposed to ineffective team members. However, it will emphasise the various concept and philosophies of organizational behaviour within the enterprise condition.

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Pl Description on how organisation culture, politics, power influence performance.

Organisation culture termed out as system of shared assumptions, beliefs, values that governs people that how an individual within organisation behaves. Additionally, shared values are those have strong influence on people in enterprise (Hogg, and Terry, 2014). In order to determine the culture of Mark & Spenser this is crucial to understand the handy culture typology that considered as one of benchmark for enterprise. Henceforth, these are outlined in below context as-:

Handy culture model-:

As per the Charles handy model there are varied types of culture that needs to be followed by most of the enterprise. Hence, the four diverse culture are outlined as-:

  • Power culture- It allows the limited individual in the organisation to enjoy the beneficial aspect of positional behaviour. Henceforth, they are the people who have the power and they are authorized to take crucial decision. These people are crucial as they are privileged ones at the workplace. They are the authorities who works as to delegate the responsibilities and authorities to other employees.
  • Task culture- This denotes an organisation culture and that based on team performance. Under this, teams are formed up to accomplish targets and to sort out critical issues. It is culture that allows participants or employees of the enterprise the opportunities of equal distribution to achieve the assigned task in innovative manner (Moreland, Levine, and Wingert, 2013).
  • Personal culture- An enterprise that follows model of person culture that considering the significance of employees. Thus, individual are more worried about profit of an individual rather than organisational benefit.
  • Role culture- It is culture that directs the organisation culture that looks over the delegated role of employees. Thus, this also led employees the opportunities of deciding what best they can do as per the selection of job roles.

Henceforth, this can be stated that this is proved that this model is not suitable to the organisation to run out the smooth working in enterprise. Thus, employees of Mark & Spenser with innovative ideas do not have right to express their views and as they are lacked behind because of the cultural model.

Impact of power and politics over behaviour of Mark & Spenser-:

The corporate culture within Mark&Spenser highly influenced nu external power and political scenario of UK. In addition to this, the cultural norms and organisational cultural bodies have been implemented in enterprise as this highly get affected by the political scenario of country. Henceforth, the another major change that faced by the chosen entity is the transformation of the bureaucratic approach of the hierarchy in the organisation.

Henceforth, this can be stated that the all components such as culture, power and political has varied effect on the behaviour of company as BBC. This has influenced the overall decision making strategy of the enterprise (Hashim and Wok, 2014.). Hence, it has been found out that cultural challenges, use of power and interference of politics has made the steep changes in organisational behaviour and its culture. Thus, use of power in the firm has influenced the overall productivity of the enterprise. In addition to this, the use of power and culture allows firm to bring out the new changed in the reward system. Therefore, the adaption of policy has improved the productivity of chosen enterprise as this has created employees getting involved within the unethical practices of in the company.

P2 Description on theories of motivation.

Motivation can be termed out as the process of stimulating the employees within enterprise in terms to accomplish the higher goals. Hence, motivation is the process that aids to influence the people and performance of employees. Mark & Spenser uses motivational approach to have successful completion of business procedures with better output. Therefore, theories of motivation are outlined as-:

Content theories-:

The primary focus of content theory is to satisfy the individual needs of employees and this requires the process that leads to identify the needs (Hashim and Wok, 2014.). Thus, Chosen entity assumes that rewards is prove to be effective in satisfying the needs of employees. This also aids to optimize the performance of employee. Henceforth, content theories are termed out as-:

Theory x and y (management assumptions)- As per this theory the management of the enterprise assumes the several needs of the employees.

In this, the first category termed out as the theory x and the managers who follows this adapted the dominant management approach that based on assumption such as-:

  • The human nature tends to avoid the work local due to general tendency of avoiding workload.
  • Thus, average employees prefers direction and that tends to avoid responsibilities.

Thus, theory Y is based on the following assumption and these as are-:

  • In this, the ability of learning of average employees depends on proper conditions.
  • Thus, most of enterprise the ability of employees not explored completely.

Process theories-:

This is the theory that focus providing the description and an analysis the process that can be followed in terms to energize, sustained and directed. These as are-:

Vroom Expectancy theories- This is model that aids to put the consideration on likeliness of performance and outcomes. It aids to put the focus on individual behaviour. Therefore, expectancy is termed out as belief that enhance effort that leads to increase performance. On the other hand, instrumentality is termed out as belief that if an employee perform well then it aids to get the valued outcomes. Henceforth, valance is the significance that individual places upon the expected outcome.

P3: Describe that how an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.

A team is a group of people work together within organization. In this way, it can be achieved the significant goal and objective. It can be determined the different team such as project, self-managed, operational and virtual (Peltokorpi, Allen and Froese, 2017). Each and every team has assigned the particular task to manage in proper manner.

Apart from that an effective team is mainly refers as motivate other staff members and discuss with team members in related the issue, problem that will face during task execution. An effective team always support for Mark and Spencer to increase their own productivity and profitability in global marketplace (Tasselli, Kilduff and Landis, 2018). Furthermore, Ineffective team cannot concern about the new idea, belief whereas they don’t agree on the particular objective so that it has more chance to increase confliction among employee.

Different type of teams

  • Project team: project team are group of individual who will work together on the particular goal and objective. Each team members are believed on work together and focus on the particular task in M&S (Tasselli, Kilduff and Landis, 2018). The benefits of team is to handle large project by efficient team member. In order to identify specific need and requirement of client.
  • Virtual team: every members are located in the different place or areas but they have been working together in M&S (Tasselli, Kilduff and Landis, 2018). In order to maintain the coordination between them by using tool. The benefits of virtual team is to increase chance of project completion on time.
  • Operational team: In M&S, it is supporting the back office processes which go smoothly. Every team member established the coordination with other colleagues for exchanging information from one place to another (Tasselli, Kilduff and Landis, 2018).

By using an effective Tuckman’s theory, it can be develop an effective team which useful for improving the entire enterprise production and sales in global marketplace.

Tuckman’s theory

Tuchman’s theory is based on the development of an effective team which mainly concerned about the way in which handle critical condition from initial information of team (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016). It mainly consists of different phases:

  • Forming: It is initial step when team members tend to behave independently. The team employees are highly dependent on the leader because of guidance, right direction. This will be provided by team leader (Van Knippenberg and Hogg, 2018). During this phase, it has been unclear responsibilities of members. In Marks and Spencer, Leader interact with members and identify their own idea about the organizational goal, objective.
  • Storming: It is another stage when team leader build an effective relationship with team members. In order to clarify the purpose, goal and objective of team. It is very important to know about each employee (Van Knippenberg and Hogg, 2018)..
  • Norming: In this stage, each and every members understand their own responsibilities whereas performing different task within M&S.
  • Performance: in this step, team members are planning an strategy and also aware about the essential requirement within M&S (Van Knippenberg and Hogg, 2018).. The important decision also taken by team member after discussion.

Belbin typology

As per Belbin theory, an effective team have been performed the significant task and assign the particular role to members (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016). In order to achieve their significant goal and objective. The individual person can perform multiple role within M&S.

  • Monitor Evaluator: In M&S, employee focus on the logical idea that always support for entire team whether identifying the opinion of members (McShane and Glinow, 2017)..
  • Implementer: In order to require make plan workable strategy effectively and efficiently (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016).
  • Team workers: individual identifying the essential work need to be done and achieve specific target (Oswald, Behrend and Sinar, 2020).
  • Specialist: they are mainly focused on the bringing depth study about the project.

As per analysis, it has identified that each members required soft and hard skill which help for interacting with other members. In order to share their innovative idea for business development (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016).

P4: Discuss about the concepts and philosophies related the enterprises behaviour within an M&S and identify given business situation.

In M&S, concept and philosophies are essential for business improvement which provide an idea about the behaviour, attitude towards goal and objective. The concept is based on the logical idea which helping for individual to enhance business capabilities (McShane and Glinow, 2017). in order to implement suitable approach to improve the business task in step by step manner.

Path Goal theory

It is a type of theory in which identify the behaviour, nature and style of leader within M&S. The primary goal of theory is to improve their motivation, inspiration among employee so that they can focus on targets. It is beneficial for both organization as well as employees. In order to establish a strong coordination between them (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016). M&S always focused on the recognition, rewards that will provide their skilled staff members. It always help for boost moral value of each employee.

In this way, M&S can easily achieve their short term goal in regular basis (McShane and Glinow, 2017). Path goal theory provide an idea to enhance the capabilities, abilities and skill of each employee within organization. Therefore, it will be increased the productivity as well as profitability of M&S in global marketplace.

Social capital theory

In M&S, this type of theory is mainly focused on the social relationship development. Within organization, it is one of common approach that will require to build an effective relationship with staff members (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016). In order to improve entire work quality.

In M&S, leaders are using an effective communication technique to interact with staff members. In this way, it can easily analyse their specific need and requirement (Van Knippenberg and Hogg, 2018). It plays an important role to build a strong bond among staff members within organization (McShane and Glinow, 2017). By using social theory, the turnover of employee can be reduced while achieving the goal of organization in proper manner

Staff member empowerment

Staff member within M&S should be motivated or encouraged towards the organizational goal. In order to acquire the suitable result or outcome with the help of technology. Modern technology always increasing the efficiency and performance of employee. If M&S provide the proper empowerment to their staff members (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016). It automatically inspire towards the significant goal and objective of organization.

Dignity of staff member

If the employee within M&S is not providing the proper response so that it has chance to increase conflict between employee. In this way, it will require to maintain the dignity of employee within organization otherwise, it directly affects on the relationship of management. Moreover, employee provide the better facilities and services, better working environment. They can participate in importance business development decision making (Chen, Chen and Sheldon, 2016). Without support of employee, it can be possible to increase the profitability and productivity in global marketplace. So as needed to develop an effective policies and procedures within M&S, provide equal treatment as per requirement.

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CONCLUSION

In above analysis, it has summarised about the behaviour of organization which mainly analysis the way an individual communicate among different groups, team. In order to identify the individual performance of staff members which directly impact on the overall business productivity and profitability in marketplace. It has summarised about the culture, power and political that influence on the behaviour as well as performance of team, group. In above analysis, it has identified that effective team always oppose an effective team with the help of skill, knowledge. Therefore, it is helping for organization to increase their productivity and profitability in global marketplace. It can be identified the different kind of motivational theories that always helping for achieve the significant goal and objective of organization. Furthermore, it discuss about an effective team which always opposed to ineffective team members. However, it emphasise the various concept and philosophies of organizational behaviour within the business situation.

REFERENCES

  • Hashim, J. and Wok, S., 2014. Predictors to employees with disabilities’ organisational behaviour and involvement in employment. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal. 33(2). pp.193 “ 209.
  • Peltokorpi, V., Allen, D.G. and Froese, F., 2017. Erratum to: Organizational embeddedness, turnover intentions, and voluntary turnover: The moderating effects of employee demographic characteristics and value orientations: ORGANIZATIONAL EMBEDDEDNESS (Journal of Organizational Behavior,(2015), 36, 2,(292-312), 10.1002/job. 1981). Journal of Organizational Behavior. 38(4).
  • Tasselli, S., Kilduff, M. and Landis, B., 2018. Personality change: Implications for organizational behavior. Academy of Management Annals. 12(2). pp.467-493.
  • Van Knippenberg, D. and Hogg, M.A., 2018. Social identifications in organizational behavior. The self at work: Fundamental theory and research, pp.72-90.
  • Oswald, F.L., Behrend, T.S. and Sinar, E., 2020. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav. 7. pp.505-33.
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